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DASS, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales,〔 (Available from The Psychology Foundation, Room 1005 Mathews Building, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia)〕 is made up of 42 self-report items to be completed over five to ten minutes, each reflecting a negative emotional symptom. Each of these is rated on a four-point Likert scale of frequency or severity of the participants' experiences over the last week with the intention of emphasising states over traits. These scores ranged from 0, meaning that the client believed the item "did not apply to them at all", to 3 meaning that the client considered the item to "apply to them very much, or most of the time". It is also stressed in the instructions that there are no right or wrong answers. == Scales and Subscales == The sum of the relevant 14 items for each scale constitute the participants' scores for each of Depression, Anxiety and Stress,〔 including items such as "I couldn't seem to experience any positive feeling at all", "I was aware of the dryness of my mouth" and "I found it hard to wind down" in the respective order of the scales. The order of the 42 items has been randomised so that items of the same scale are not clustered together. Each of the scales is then broken down into subscales comprising two to five items each. The Depression scale has subscales assessing dysphoria, hopelessness, devaluation of life, self-deprecation, lack of interest/involvement, anhedonia and inertia. The Anxiety scale assesses autonomic arousal, skeletal muscle effects, situational anxiety and subjective experience of anxious affect. The Stress scale's subscales highlight levels of non-chronic arousal through difficulty relaxing, nervous arousal and being easily upset/agitated, irritable/over-reactive and impatient.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「DASS (psychology)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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